Measuring instrument.



S. TROOD.

MEASURING INSTRUMENT APPLICATION FILED OCT. 3. 1913.

1 1 85,734 lat'vnfvd J 11110 6, 1916 0 I Fla-.

I6 :f I a l6 v KNVENTOR WM ATTORNEY I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

smear. moon, or WILKINSIBUBG, PENNSYLVANIA, assreNofirdrvnsrrNenousn ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING coMrANY, A CORPORATION OFPENNSYLVANIA.

MEASURING INSTRUMENT.

Patented June 6, 1916.

Application filed October 8, 1913. Serial No.'798,117.

T all 7071/0771, 1' 15 may concern Be it known t. at I, SAMUEL TROOD, a

citizen of the United States, and a resident of Wilkinsburg. in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a. 1

new and useful Improvement in Measuring Instruments, of which the following is a specific tion.

1h y invention relates to measuring instruments and particularly to steam-flow meters, and it has for its object to provide a meter that simple in construction and automatic in opeiation.

Numerous devices have been roposed for measuring the flow of steamfbut substantially all of the proposed devices have some form of manually operated temperature and pressure corrective devices. Since the weight or quantity of steam flowing in"a pipe is direct y proportional to its'velocity and pressur and inversely proportional to its absolute temperature, in order to accurately measure the steam consumption, it is essential to measure simultaneously the pressure, velocity and temperature of the steam.

My present invention, which is constructed upon the above mentioned principle, is compact in construction and reliable in its operation and may be readily inserted directly in a steam line.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front View, partially in elevation and partially in section, of a steam-flow meter embodylng my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail.

sectional view of a modified form of one of the corrective devices embodied in my invention and Fig. 3 is a section taken along the line III-III of Fig. 1. v

A casing 1 is connected in a steam line 2 and supports a turbine wheel 3 that is carried by a shaft 4. Theshaft 4 is supported by bearings 5, 6 and 7, hereinafter more fully Y described, and comprises two sections" between which is interposed a thermostatic device-8 and to the upper section of which is attached a disk 9. A non metallic dia phragm' 10 that supports a bearing 11, 2&- vides the casing 1 into a steam compartm t 12 and a compartment 13%01' housing an integrating mechanism (not shown). A permanent magnet 14 is mounted on a shaft 15 that is'jjournaled in the bearings 11 and 16.

in the compartment 13. The shaft 15 is provided with a pinion 17 that engages the I of pointers 18 for the purpose of indicating the quantity of steam that has passed through the pipe 2.

The bearin 5 has its lower portion formed nto one mem er 19 of a cam, the other member 20 of the cam being loosely mounted on the end of a screw 21. To the bearing 5. is attached one end of a Bourdbn tube or pressure-actuated device 22, the otherend being attach'ed to the casing of the meter.

The thermostatic device 8 comprises,'as

shown in section in Fig. 3, an inclosed body 23 containing a substance having a high coeflicicnt of expansion. To the periphery of the body 23 is attached the lower part of the shaft by supports 24, and to the lower sideof the body 23 is attached a support 25 that connects the same to the upper section of the shaft: 4. A spring 26. is also inserted between the lower part of the body 23 and the to support the lower section of the shaft weight of the disk 9.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, instead of dividing the shaft 4 into two parts and inserting a thermostatic device 8, as shown in Fig. 1, the shaft may be one continuous piece of metal and a modified corrective arrangement supplied that comprises a hearing 5, the. lower member 19 of which is formed into a cam member that engages a second cam member 27 having its lower porone end of a thermostat 29, the other end of tion 28 constituting a cam member to engage V the cam member 20 that is held loosely by' which is attached to the cam member 27 that also carries one end of the Bourdon tube 22, the other end of which is attached to the casing 1 of the meter.

The Bourdon tube 22 is made of metallic tubing having the air exhausted therefrom and so disposed that, withincreased pres sure, it will tend to lessenits diameter by contracting. The thermostat 29 is formed of two dissimilar metals that tend to straighten,

out as the temperature rises, by reason of the difference in the coeflicients of expansion of the two metals. The thermostatic device 8 is similar in its action to the thermostat 29,

in that, when the temperature increases, the substance expands and the two plates of the body 23 are caused to div rge from one another, the bottom plate moving downwardly cai-"ying the disk 9 with it to increase the length of the air gap 30.

Assume that the steam flowing through the pipe 2 has a definite velocity. This steam engages the blades of the turbine wheel 3 to rotate the same and the disk 9 at a speed that is proportional to the velocity of the steam. The permanent magnet It will he turned as the disk 3) rotates, because of the Foucault or odd currents that are induced in the disk, and will effect move ment of the pointers 18 in proportion to the quantity of the steam flowing. The length of the air gap 30 controlled by the pressure andthe temperature, or it may also be varied for the i'arious sizes of the pipe 2 by adjusting the screw 9.1. When the pressure increases, the turbine wheel does not increase in speed, since its inherent speed is proportional to the velocity only, but the Bourdon tube will tend to contract and thus cause the cam member 19 to r de around on the camv member 20 and raise the shaftan amountproportionat to the increase in pressure. This decreases the length of the air gap 30 and causes in creased Foucault currents to be induced in the disk 1), and, conseipiently, there .is less slip between the permanent magnetl-i and the disk 9, and the magnet increases in speed.

\Vhen the temperature changes. the weight or quantity oi" the steam varies inversely as the temperature. but the speed of the turbine wheel is not altered, for reasons hci'cinhefore stated. However. with increased tem mratures,the thermostatic device S lengthens the air gap 30, as herein before. explained, so that the slip between the permanent magnet 14 and the disk 9 is incrcastxl in proportion to the increased ten'iperature. Hence, the permanentmagnet 14 rotates in direct proportion to the velocity and pressure and in inverse, proportion to the temperature of the steam.

(images in the length of the air gap 30 to adapt the instrument to various sizes of pipe 2. may be accon'iphshcd by turning the screw 21 that may be locked in any predetermined position by a lock nut 31, substantially as hei'cinbetoro explained.

In the modification shownm Fig. 2, when the pressure of the steam increases, the

Bourdon tubc 2'2 contracts along its diamcter causing thecain member 28 to ride over .the face of the cam member :20 to thus raise the cam member 27, the cam member 1!) and the bearing 5 as a unit, because they are tied together by the thermostat 29. Hence. as the bearing is raised, the shaft 4 and the disk 9 are raised, and the length of the air gap 30 is decreased in proportion to the rise in pressure, as hereinbefore dewheel mounted (ma shaft scribed. If the temperature decreases, the diameter of the therinostat'ilf) will tend to decrease. by reason ofthenneipial contraetion of its members, causing the cam menu the disk 9. and. attheusaine time, to (105..

crel-ise the length ol the air gap 30.

'Mr inicntlou is not limited to .the pal ticular constructionsillustrated, but may be l appended claims.

I claim as my invention? 1. A fluid meter comprising arotatable variousli' modifiedwithinithe' scope of the,

armature, a rotatalile permanent magnet,-

means for rotating thesaid armature in accordance with the velocity of the fluid to be measured, and means for varying the airg5 L gap between the rotat-able armature and the I 1 said permanent magnet iii accordance with the pressure of the fluid to hc measured. i

A fluid meter comprising a rotatable I armaturefarotatable] permanent magnet,

means for rotating the "said armature in? accordance with tlieielocitlii of the fluid to be measured, andfirBourdon tube for vary- 1 ing the air gap between the rotatable armature and the permanent magnet in accord- 5 once with the pressure acn fluid to her measured.

net. means for rotating the said armature in accordance with the, velocity of the steam to be measured, bearin s for the said a.r1nasure of the steam to be measured.

4. A steam-flow meter comprising a rotai table armature, a rotatablepermanent mag net, means for rotating the said armature in accordance with the. 'eloeity of the steam to I be measured,bearings tor-the .aidarmature having cam ifiices thereon, and means for,

rotating the said cam Efacesto rary the air,

gap between the armature and the perma nent magnet inac'cordance avith thcpres 5. A fluid-meter compr' ngaturbine Wheel mounted oi a .slia'l tpabearing for the shaft, means controlled by thepressure of the fluid for varying the position ofthe said bearing longitiu'linally, and ;'integi atingoiiechanism and electromagnetitr means controlled by the position .ofthe said aft for actuatings the said. integrating mechanism. v

6. A fluid meter, comprising, a, turbine shaft, a Bourdon tubeajiul itherin'ostatie device for varying th p s oo sure and temperatifireaofthe wa t b measured. 1 1 i I,

3. A steam-flow metercomprising a rotaj table arniaturc,a rotatablcpermanent mag: v 100,,

of tbe'bearing longitudinally in accordance with the pres sure and temperature of the fluid, an indicating mechanism, and means depending wheel mounted on a shaft and being adapted upon the position of the said shaft for actuating the indicating mechanism.

7. A fluid meter comprising a turbine wheel mounted on a shaft, a bearing for the shaft having cam faces thereon, a thermostatic device for varying the position of the bearing and the shaft longitudinally in accordance with the temperature of the fluid, an indicating mechanism, and means depending upon the position of the said shaft for actuating the indicating mechanism.

8. A steam-flow meter comprising a housing having two non-communicating compartments therein, a rotatable member in one of the said compartments, means for rotating the said rotatable member in proportion to the velocity of the steam the flow of which is to be measured, a disk mounted on the said rotatable member, means for changing the position of the, said disk in proportion to a change in temperature of the steam, means for changing the relative position of the said disk in proportion to a change in v .the pressure of the steam, and a rotatable member in the other of the said compart-- ments that is actuated by the said disk with a Velocity that is proportional to the quan-- tity of the steam.

9. A steam-flow meter comprising a housing having two non-communicating compartments, a rotatable member in one of the Silld compartments, means for rotating the said rotatable member in PEOPOI'tlOIb-tO the velocity of the steam the flow of which is -to' be measured, a disk on the said rotatable member, means for changing the position of the said disk in accordance with the change in temperature of the steam, a Bourdon tube operatively connected to the said rotatable member, and a second rotatable member in the other of the said compartments, said second rotatable member actuated by the A rotatable member.

saiddi'skto have a velocity that is proportional to the quantity of steam.

10. A fluid meter comprising a turbine of the fluid, an indicating mechanism, and an electromagnetic device that Is dependent upon the position of the shaft for actuating the said indicating mechanism.

11. In a steam line, the combination with a steam-flow meter comprising a turbine wheel and a shaft therefor, of abearing for the said shaft, means for altering the relative position of the said bearing to change the bosition of the shaft in accordance with the pressure of the steam in the said steam line, means for changing the relative position of the said shaft for variations in the size of the said steam line, an integrating mechanism, and means actuated by the said shaft and dependent upon the relative position of the said shaft for operating the'said integrating mechanism. a

12. A fluid meter comprising a housing having two non-communicating compartments therein, a rotatable member in one of pressure of the fluid to actuate the said f In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 22nd da of Sept. 1913.

' SAMU L TROOD. Witnesses: I a

i B. B. Hmus,

M. C. MERZ. 

